高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn):表語(yǔ)從句

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)

表語(yǔ)從句的概念:


用作表語(yǔ)的從句叫作表語(yǔ)從句,它位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞有
從屬連詞that、whether、as though(if);
關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等;
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how, however, when。



表語(yǔ)從句用法:


1、表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞:
引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞that, whether,連接代詞和連接副詞,關(guān)系代詞型what,以及as if,as though,because等連詞:
如:The fact is that he doesn't really try. 事實(shí)是他沒有做真正的努力。
The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 問(wèn)題是這部電影是否值得看。
The problem is how we can find him. 問(wèn)題是我們?nèi)绾握业剿?
That was when I was fifteen. 這是我15歲時(shí)發(fā)生的事。
It isn't as if you were going away for ever. 又不是你離開不回來(lái)了。
It is because I love you too much. 那是因?yàn)槲姨珢勰懔恕?BR>:whether可此導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,但與之同義的if 卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句;because可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,但與之同義的since, as, for等也不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。

2、連詞that的省略問(wèn)題引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的that通常不省略,但在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中有時(shí)也可省略:
如:My idea is(that) we should do it right away. 我的意見是我們應(yīng)該馬上干。
The trouble is(that) he is ill. 糟糕的



表語(yǔ)從句用法拓展:


名詞性從句在be等系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)時(shí)被稱為表語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句只能置于主句之后,而主句的動(dòng)詞只能是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞。
例如:The problem is how we can get the things we need. 問(wèn)題是我們?cè)鯓幽芘轿覀冃枰臇|西。(how在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ))   
The scissors are not what I need. 這把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ))   
What I told him was that I would find him a good play.
我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。(what在主語(yǔ)從句中作直接賓語(yǔ),that作為表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,不能省略)   
That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要對(duì)你講的。(what在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ))   
That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ))
注意:“That is why...”是常用句型,意為“這就是……的原因/因此……”,其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作表語(yǔ),該句型通常用于針對(duì)前面已經(jīng)說(shuō)明過(guò)的原因進(jìn)行總結(jié):
如:That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮,這就是現(xiàn)在這個(gè)老太婆出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne對(duì)老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異,說(shuō)話人對(duì)她講述了其中的原因之后,用這一句來(lái)進(jìn)行概括)。//ThatiswhyIcame.這就是我來(lái)的原因。下面是兩個(gè)與“That is why...”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu),它們與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚:  
(1)“That is why...”與“That is the reason why...”同義,只不過(guò)從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上講,“That is the reason why...”中why引導(dǎo)的是—個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣:
如:That is(the reason) why I can not agree. 這就是我不能同意的理由。  
(2)“That is because...”句型中從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此作表語(yǔ),這也是個(gè)常用句型,意為“這就是為什么……/因?yàn)椤薄!癟hat is because...”與“That is why...”之間的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由,“That is why...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果:
如:He did not see the film last night.
That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework. 昨天晚上他沒有去看電影,那是因?yàn)樗脦椭拿妹米鲎鳂I(yè)。(第一句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果,第二句話說(shuō)明原因)   
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night. 他以前曾看過(guò)那部電影,因此他昨天晚上沒有去看。(第一句話說(shuō)明原因,第二句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果)



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