錦囊一:名詞作定語的其他特殊情況
用名詞來作定語,往往用其單數(shù)形式。但有些特殊情況下必須用其復(fù)數(shù)形式來作定語。如:sports meeting運動會;students reading room學(xué)生閱覽室;talks table談判桌等。man, woman, gentleman 等作定語時,其單復(fù)數(shù)依其修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。如:a woman doctor;men workers;women teachers;gentlemen officials等。
錦囊二:代詞解題通法
通過對近三年語法填空試題的分析來看,代詞除了主要考查it的用法之外,考查的其他代詞比較多,也比較復(fù)雜,所以在解答此類試題時。要注意以下幾個方面。?
1.牢記代詞的基本用法,這是很關(guān)鍵的。由于代詞比較復(fù)雜,每類代詞都有其使用的特點,如形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。?
2.在具體的語境中要能夠判斷出屬于哪種代詞,同時要準(zhǔn)確地使用。?
3.對于代詞中一些容易混淆的知識點要特別地加以記憶,如both, all;neither, none;other, another等。
錦囊三:三招攻克動詞難點
1.結(jié)合語境,推敲狀語,確定動詞時態(tài)?
語法填空常需要結(jié)合語境來確定答案。如果文章的整體時態(tài)為過去時,動詞的時態(tài)應(yīng)是與過去相關(guān)的時態(tài):一般過去時, 過去進行時,過去完成時等。此外,熟記各種時態(tài)的常用時間狀語,對于確定時態(tài)有極大的幫助。如:since, so far, up till now, in the past years等是現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志;years ago, yesterday, last night是一般過去時態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞;by the end of last (next) month, when he got/gets to the station, before he did sth.常用于過去(將來)完成時態(tài);always 常用于一般現(xiàn)在時和帶有感情色彩的進行時等。但是,做題時仍需結(jié)合語境,切忌教條主義。如:?
I was in Hangzhou on business for a week last month.There I was greatly struck by the beauty of the West Lake.?
2.熟記句型提高速度?
(1)It's time sb. did/should do sth. ?
(2)sb. would rather did/had done sth. ?
(3)was/were doing sth....when...?
(4)no sooner ...than... hardly...when... scarcely...when...句型中主句用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時。如:No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain.?
(5)had wanted/hoped to do sth.?
(6)It won't be long before...?
(7)It's/has been+some time+ since sb. did sth. ?
(8)Would you mind if I did sth.??
(9)be (was/were) about to do sth....when...?
3.借助構(gòu)詞法掌握動詞?
常用動詞前綴: ?
dis- 不,非,相反 如:dislike, disagree, discontinue ?
en-? 置于……之中,使成為 如:enable, endanger, ?enlarge?, enrich?
fore-? 先于,預(yù)先 如:foretell, foresee ?
mis-? 壞(或錯),糟糕(或錯誤) 如:misuse, mistake, misfortune, misspell, misunderstand ?
over-? 過于,反轉(zhuǎn) 如:overeat, overdressed, oversleep, overpraise, overuse, overdrink?, overpay, overturn, overthrow
trans-?橫穿,進入(另一地方),成為(另一狀態(tài)) 如:translate, transform, transcontinental?
re-? 又,再,重新 如:retell, rewrite?
un-? 相反 如:unload, uncover ?
de-? ……的反義,向下 如:descend, degrade ?
out-? 超過,過分 如:outdo, outbid ?
co-? 共同,一起 如:coexist, cooperate?
常用動詞后綴: ?
-ize, -ise 成為,使,使像 如:modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize ?
-en 使成為,變得 如:quicken, weaken, soften, harden ?
-fy 使得,變成 如:beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
錦囊四:淺談比較等級
1.由介詞in或of構(gòu)成的短語說明比較的范圍,如果在一定的地域空間內(nèi)用in;如果在同一類事物范圍內(nèi)進行比較用of。 例如:?
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. 長江是中國最長的河流。?
The Yangtze River is the longest river of all the rivers in China. 長江是中國所有河流中最長的。?
2."never...+比較級...或not...ever...+比較級..."也表示最高級。例如:I have never read a better book than this. (=This is the best book I have ever read.) 我從未讀過比這本更好的書。 ?
I didn't think I have ever been angrier in my life. 我想我一生中從沒有比這次更生氣的了。 ?
3.在最高級前加a,不表示"最……",只是用來加強語氣,有"很,非常"之意。例如:This is a most interesting book. 這是一本非常有趣的書。 ?
I think this method is simplest and easiest. 我認(rèn)為這個辦法最簡易不過的了。?
4.幾個特殊的形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級:good/well:better,best;bad/ill/badly:worse,worst; many/much:more,most;little:less,least;far:farther/further,farthest/furthest;old:older/elder,oldest/eldest
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