1. 動(dòng)名詞的句法功能：動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞的形式相同。動(dòng)名詞主要起名詞作用，在句中擔(dān)任主語、表語、賓語和定語。
①作主語，可以直接放在句首，也可以用先行代詞it作為形式主語，而把動(dòng)名詞后置。
eg. Seeing is believing. (眼見為實(shí))
Saying is easier than doing.
Collecting stamps is a good hobby. (單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語作主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))
動(dòng)名詞作主語還有以下兩個(gè)習(xí)慣表答法：
It is no use (good) 動(dòng)名詞：做某事沒有用
Eg. It's no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水難收)
There is no 動(dòng)名詞 (= It is impossible to do sth.)
Eg. There is no knowing what may happen.（未來的事無法知道）
②作表語：通常是說明主語的內(nèi)容，注意它與謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
eg. His hobby is collecting stamps. (此句為SVC結(jié)構(gòu)) 可改為：Collecting stamps is his hobby.
Cf. He is collecting stamps. (is collecting是謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)，此句為SVO結(jié)構(gòu))
不能改為：Collecting stamps is he.
③作賓語
A. 作及物動(dòng)詞 的賓語(enjoy, mind, finish, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, escape, pratise, suggest, keep(on), miss)
eg. 2005年上海卷No.32
He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk _____ the good opportunity.
A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost
答案為B
有些動(dòng)詞（attempt, begin, continue, hate, like, love）后面既可以接不定式作賓語，也可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，意義差別不大。通常認(rèn)為用動(dòng)名詞泛指一般的傾向性，用不定式則表示特定或具體某一種動(dòng)作。
Eg. I like swimming but I don't like to swim in winter.
 

本文來自：逍遙右腦記憶 http://yy-art.cn/waiyu/yingyuxuexi/18244.html

相關(guān)閱讀：高中英語不定式和分詞表原因的區(qū)別
實(shí)用英語寫作技巧6 如何寫好段落（Ⅰ）
“談情說愛”英語篇
句子比單詞重要
英語聽力訓(xùn)練要講究策略