Food and drink

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 七年級(jí) 來(lái)源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)

【單元目標(biāo)】

  1. 語(yǔ)音
  掌握元音字母e及其字母組合ee,ea在單詞中的讀音
  句子的重音

  2. 單詞和短語(yǔ)
  food, drink, hungry, thirsty, water, eat, rice, bread, meat, tea, milk, glass, a glass of, would, I'd like =I would like, something, porridge, fish, dumpling, fruit, piece, a piece of, hamburger, noodle, potato chips, coke, coffee, madam, dear, ice cream, USA, different, vegetable, sometimes

  3. 交際用語(yǔ)
  It's time for…I'm hungry.
  Have some water, please.
  Would you like…?
  What would you like?
  I would like a glass of apple juice.
  What about something to eat?
  Can I help you, madam? Yes, I want some…
  Do you have any ice cream?

  4. 語(yǔ)法
  可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞


【重難點(diǎn)分析】

  語(yǔ)音
  1. 字母e的發(fā)音
  ⑴在開音節(jié)中,字母e的發(fā)音為[i:],如:
  he she we these

 、圃陂]音節(jié)中,字母e的發(fā)音為[e],如
  bed ten them

  2. 字母組合ee的發(fā)音,如:
  ee i: see, jeep, green

  3. 字母組合ea的發(fā)音,如:
 、舉a的發(fā)音可以為i:如
  meat, please, read

  ⑵ea的發(fā)音還可以為e如:
  bread, breakfast, head, heavy, sweater, healthy,

  ⑶注意:ea發(fā)音為e的單詞較多且不好記,但是我們可以把這些單詞按以上的順序排列起來(lái),按照中文意思編成一句話,"(只有)面包(當(dāng))早餐頭重,(穿)毛衣(才)健康"這樣就便于記憶了 。

  4. 句子重音
 、庞⒄Z(yǔ)中,句子的邏輯重音一般落在名詞,行為動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、指示代詞,疑問(wèn)代詞上,而冠詞、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、連詞、介詞等不重讀,這樣讀起來(lái)給人以抑揚(yáng)頓挫的美感,并且重點(diǎn)突出。

  ⑵另作,英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)調(diào)有一定的規(guī)則,由此構(gòu)成不同的調(diào)型,調(diào)型的運(yùn)用部分取決于意群中重要詞語(yǔ)的數(shù)量,部分取決于人講話時(shí)的態(tài)度,從這個(gè)意義上講,有時(shí)特殊問(wèn)句不一定用降調(diào),一般問(wèn)句不一定總是用升調(diào),例如What's your name, please?用升調(diào)講,讓聽話者的心理上的覺得有禮貌,比用降調(diào)好;再如Is it fine today? 今天天氣好不好,人所共知,實(shí)際上不是問(wèn)題,這樣說(shuō)是一種習(xí)慣,為進(jìn)一步交流開了頭。

  詞匯
  1. some 和any的用法
 、臩ome和 any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點(diǎn)需要注意。
  Some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如:
  There is some water in the glass.
  Is there any water in the glass?
  There isn't any water in the glass.

 、圃谡f(shuō)話者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問(wèn)句中,或在表示請(qǐng)求,邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中,我們依然用some。如:
  Would you like some tea?

  2. like
 、抛鳛閯(dòng)詞意為"喜歡",后面可接名詞、不定式或動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(即:動(dòng)詞-ing形式)。例如:
  ① We like English very much.
  我們非常喜歡英語(yǔ)。
 、 I like to play with the children.
  我喜歡和孩子們一起玩兒。
 、 I like singing, but I don't like dancing.
  我喜歡唱歌,但是我不喜歡跳舞。
  ⑵在短語(yǔ)look like 和be like中的like是介詞,意為"像"。例如:
 、 This hat looks like a cat. 這頂帽子看起來(lái)像只貓。
 、 Lin Tao looks like his brother. 林濤看起來(lái)像他的兄弟。

  句型
  1. It's time for supper. 到了該吃晚飯的時(shí)候了。/晚飯時(shí)間到了。
 、臝t's time for + 名詞,表示"到了……的時(shí)候了。"for是介詞,其后面要跟名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組等。例如:
  It's time for breakfast.
  到了該吃早飯的時(shí)候了。
  It's time for watching TV.
  到了該看電視的時(shí)候了。

 、朴袝r(shí)for…短語(yǔ)還可用動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)代替,而本意不變。例如:
  It's time to go to school.
  該上學(xué)了。也可寫成It's time for school.

  ⑶在It's time to do sth. 這一句型中,不定式之前有時(shí)還可以用for sb.,用做不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。例如:
  It's time for you to have a rest.
  你們?cè)撔菹⒁粫?huì)兒了。
  It's time for him to see the doctor.
  他該去看醫(yī)生了。

  2. Would you like some bread? 你想要些面包嗎?
  (1)would like 主要用來(lái)婉轉(zhuǎn)地提出請(qǐng)求、建議或某種看法,在意義上相當(dāng)于want,但語(yǔ)氣上要比want 委婉,常用于口語(yǔ)之中,后面可接表示事物的名詞,表示想要什么。以would like引起的疑問(wèn)句一般有肯定回答:Yes, please.和否定回答,No, thanks. 例如:
  ---Would you like a cup of tea? 你想要一杯茶嗎?
  --- No, thanks. 不,謝謝。

 、苭ould like后還可接不定式,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)would like to do sth. "想要做某事"或would like sb. to do sth. "想要某人做某事"。例如:
  Would you like to come for supper?
  你愿意來(lái)吃晚飯嗎?
  What would you like me to do?
  你想要我做什么?

 、窃陉愂鼍渲衱ould like可與前面的主語(yǔ)縮寫成I'd like…, You'd like…, We'd like…等。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)也可以用I should like…

  3. What about something to eat? 吃點(diǎn)什么東西怎么樣?
  句中的動(dòng)詞不定式"to eat"在這兒作定語(yǔ),修飾前面的不定代詞something. 例如:
  What about something to drink?
  來(lái)點(diǎn)喝的東西怎么樣?
  Would you like something to read?
  你想看些書報(bào)嗎?

  4. We'd like a bottle of apple juice, a glass of orange juice and four cakes, please.
  我們想要一瓶蘋果汁,一杯桔汁和四塊蛋糕。
  在英語(yǔ)中,兩個(gè)并列成分一般要用連詞and來(lái)連接,三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的并列成分,一般在最后一個(gè)并列成分前用and。例如:
  We have a bird, a dog and a cat.
  我們家里有一只鳥,一條狗和一只貓。
  There are four people in my family. They are my father, mother, sister and I.
  我們家有四口人,他們是我的爸爸、媽媽、姐姐和我。

  5. What does he have for breakfast? 他早餐吃什么?
  does在這兒是助動(dòng)詞,本身無(wú)詞意。由于這一特殊疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)he是第三人稱單數(shù)形式,所以助動(dòng)詞要與人稱保持一致。(does是do的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。)在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中,有了助動(dòng)詞do或does,行為動(dòng)詞要用原形,例如:
  Does your mother have lunch at home?
  你媽媽在家吃午飯嗎?
  They don't have meat for supper.
  他們晚飯不吃肉。

  6. There be 結(jié)構(gòu)與have的用法。
  (1) There be "有",其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。There be 后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語(yǔ),be 動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致,be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is,名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如:
 、 There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂(lè)。
 、 There is some rice in the bag. 那個(gè)袋子里有些大米。
 、 There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許多蘋果。

 、芓here be 的否定式為There isn't或There aren't,疑問(wèn)是將be動(dòng)詞放在there 之前,句尾加問(wèn)號(hào),簡(jiǎn)略回答是Yes, there is/are. No, there isn't/aren't. 例如:
 、 ---Is there any water in the bottle?
   --- Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
  那個(gè)瓶子里有水嗎?是的,有。/不,沒有。

  ② --- Are there any students in the classroom?
   --- Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
  教室里有學(xué)生嗎?是的,有。/不,沒有。

 、荰here is 可以縮寫為There's, There are 可縮寫為There're。 在句中be動(dòng)詞的后面如果有兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),be的形式取決于緊挨著be的主語(yǔ)來(lái)定,若主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)用is, 若是復(fù)數(shù)則用are. 例如:
 、 There're two children and a woman in the room.
  房間里有兩個(gè)孩子和一位婦女。

 、 There's a ruler and two pens in the box.
  盒子里有一把尺子和兩支鋼筆。
  總之,There be結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。

  ⑷have表示"擁有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語(yǔ)一般是名詞或代詞,與主語(yǔ)是所屬關(guān)系。例如:
  ① I have two brothers and one sister.
  我有兩個(gè)兄弟,一個(gè)姐姐。

 、 That house has four rooms.
  那所房子有四個(gè)房間。

  7. How many …are there…句型。
? how many 多少,后面要跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。因?yàn)閔ow many只對(duì)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)提問(wèn),所以動(dòng)詞be必須用are。
  例如:
 ?How many photos can you see on the wall of the room?
  你在房間的墻上能看見多少?gòu)堈掌?
? How many bottles of water are there in the box?
  箱子里有多少瓶水?

  語(yǔ)法
  1. 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞。
 、庞⒄Z(yǔ)中名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。凡是可以計(jì)數(shù)的名詞叫可數(shù)名詞,凡是不可以計(jì)數(shù)的名詞叫不可數(shù)名詞。可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式,單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前可用不定冠詞a / an 來(lái)修飾。復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前可用some, any, many及數(shù)詞(one除外)等來(lái)修飾。如:
  a girl, an orange, some books, many boats, seven pieces

 、撇豢蓴(shù)名詞一般只有單數(shù),沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。前面可用some, any, much等來(lái)修飾,如:
  some juice, much milk

 、遣豢蓴(shù)名詞前不能用不定冠詞a, an, 數(shù)詞及many來(lái)修飾。不可數(shù)名詞表示數(shù)量時(shí)可用a cup / glass / bottle / piece / bag of…之類的短語(yǔ),這些表示量的名詞一般是可數(shù)的,有單復(fù)數(shù)形式,例如:
  a cup of water 一杯水
  a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶
  two glasses of tea 兩杯茶
  six pieces of paper 六張紙

 、扔行┟~既能做可數(shù)名詞,又能做不可數(shù)名詞,但它們?cè)谝饬x上有很大的不同,例如:
  可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞
  a glass 玻璃杯 glass 玻璃

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